The Small Business Administration (SBA) Office of Technology oversees the Small Business Innovation Research (SBIR) Program and the Small Business Technology Transfer (STTR) Program. These programs ensure that small, innovative businesses are involved in the federal government's research and development efforts. The SBIR program involves eleven federal departments, while the STTR program involves five departments, collectively awarding $2 billion to small high-tech businesses. The U.S. National Science Foundation manages the SBIR.GOV site on behalf of the government. The SBIR program was established in 1982 to invest federal research funds in promising early-stage innovation ideas that are too high risk for private investors. The program supports businesses with fewer than 500 employees that are owned by U.S. citizens or permanent residents.